This article focuses on a study of two theories of motivation — flow theory and self-efficacy beliefs — in the context of practice / music teaching. The general objective is to highlight motivational elements present in musical practice and learning, related to the two referentials. Through a literature review and content analysis of researches based on these referentials, some considerations are outlined, in which common elements between flow theory and self-efficacy beliefs (in the musical context) are highlighted. This study presents a new approach to research on motivation and music in Brazil.